Abstract:Archaea are important components of marine microorganisms and widely distributed in various marine environments. They play vital roles in the biogeochemical cycles and the evolution of life on Earth. Up to now, archaea include 4 superphyla (Euryarchaeota, TACK, Asgard, and DPANN) and about 30 different phyla. To provide clues and ideas for further research on archaea from coastal or hadal sediments, this review summarizes the recent progresses on the distribution and metabolic features of four common archaeal groups, including Bathyarchaeota, Woesearchaeota, Asgard archaea, and Thermoprofundales (Marine Benthic Group D).