Advances in researches on immune response mechanism of norovirus infection in hosts

Abstract:

Norovirus is one of the important foodborne pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis in humans. Due to the lack of in vitro replication systems and infection models, researchers' understanding of their host's protective immunity has always been limited, leading to greater hindrance in research into controlling viral infections. In recent years, the exogenous expression of viral capsid proteins, the use of surrogate viruses, and the development of volunteer experiments, especially breakthroughs in cell culture models, have made great progress in the study of humoral immunity and cellular immunity. Therefore, this article reviews the innate immunity, humoral immunity, and cellular immune response mechanisms of Norovirus-infected hosts, and looks forward to its future applications in the development of Norovirus candidate vaccines.

Key words:norovirus;humoral immunity;cellular immunity;vaccine;histo-blood group antigens