Effects of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophyte on the quality and yield of Morus alba

Abstract:

[Objective] To investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) on the yield and quality of Morus alba.[Methods] Pot experiment was conducted,and AMF and DSE were used as bacteria agents for microbial treatment.The effects of AMF and DSE on the growth,yield,and quality of M.alba and the economic potential of microbial agents on the ecological feed crop M.alba were explored by setting up three different microbial combinations (DSE alone,AMF alone,and combined inoculation of DSE+AMF).[Results] Compared with the control check (CK),the three treatments with different bacteria agents significantly promoted the aboveground growth of M.alba and increased the aboveground biomass,with an increase range of 156.4%‒196.6%.Microorganisms with the inoculation of bacteria enhanced the photosynthetic rate of M.alba,and increased the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium of the leaves,thereby increasing the yield of M.alba.In addition,microorganisms with the inoculation of bacteria increased the crude protein content of leaves and reduced the nutritional value of feed fiber,thus comprehensively improving the quality of M.alba.Microbial treatments significantly increased the leaf-to-stem ratio of M.alba,and increased the proportion of leaves in M.alba,so as to optimize the growth structure.The effect of microbial treatments on the forage quality indexes of M.alba leaves was more significant than that of M.alba stems.Different grades of forage quality were obtained by rationally matching the protein content of leaves and stems,thus improving the overall forage quality of the aboveground part of M.alba.Microorganisms with the inoculation of bacteria greatly improved the forage quality of M.alba,and significantly reduced the content of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber by 18.4%‒34.6% and 41.0%‒45.4%,respectively.In terms of the M.alba with the inoculation of bacteria,the relative forage value ranged from 220.0 to 241.5,significantly increasing by 0.8 to 1.0 times,and the content of vitamin C,sugar,and alkaloids increased as well.[Conclusion] By the principal component analysis,the order of the comprehensive effect of different bacteria agents on the yield and quality of M.alba was:AMF+DSE>DSE>AMF>CK.DSE,as the bacteria agent for microbial treatment,could optimize M.alba,the economic crops,in the bioremediation of coal mining subsidence areas,and promote the yield and quality of M.alba.

Key words:Morus alba;arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi;dark septate endophyte;principal component analysis;forage quality