多糖修饰脂质纳米颗粒递药系统的研究进展

Research progress in polysaccharide-modified lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery

摘要:

脂质纳米颗粒递送系统是目前最具有应用前景的药物载体之一，其生物相容性好、无免疫原性且载药效率高。然而，未修饰的脂质纳米颗粒仍存在稳定性差、易水解和易被快速清除的问题。为了克服上述缺点，研究人员对脂质纳米颗粒进行了一系列的修饰，包括多肽修饰、抗体修饰、配体修饰、核酸适配体修饰、多糖修饰等。其中，多糖作为一类天然聚合物，修饰脂质纳米颗粒后表现出良好的生物相容性，而且还具有靶向目标器官和低毒性等优势。多糖修饰后的脂质纳米颗粒具有在临床治疗中发挥重要作用的潜力。本文综述了多糖修饰脂质纳米颗粒的制备及应用，为进一步研究与开发新型脂质纳米颗粒提供了参考。

关键词:递药系统;脂质纳米颗粒;多糖修饰;脂质纳米颗粒制备;多糖应用

Abstract:

Lipid nanoparticles serve as a promising drug delivery system due to the good biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, and high drug loading efficiency. However, unmodified lipid nanoparticles have limitations such as poor stability, easy hydrolysis, and rapid removal. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers have developed peptide modification, antibody modification, ligand modification, nucleic acid aptamer modification, and polysaccharide modification for lipid nanoparticles. Polysaccharides are a class of natural polymers, and the polysaccharide-modified lipid nanoparticles exhibit good biocompatibility, precise targeting, and low toxicity. Therefore, polysaccharide-modified lipid nanoparticles demonstrate great potential in clinical treatment. This review summarizes the preparation and application of polysaccharide-modified lipid nanoparticles, aiming to provide a reference for further research and development of new lipid nanoparticles.

Key words:drug delivery system;lipid nanoparticles;polysaccharide modification;preparation of lipid nanoparticles;polysaccharide applications