脂肪源性干细胞的多向分化潜力及应用前景

Multipotential Differentiation and Potential Applications of Adipose_derived Stem Cells

摘要:

脂肪组织中含有一类具有多向分化潜力的细胞，即脂肪源性干细胞，简称脂肪干细胞。其生物学性质与骨髓间充质干细胞相类似，并可向脂肪、骨、软骨、肌肉、内皮、造血、肝、胰岛和神经等多种细胞方向分化。由于脂肪组织在人体内储量丰富，获取简便创伤小，在组织工程、器官修复、基因治疗等方面都有着广阔的应用前景，因此脂肪干细胞已成为继骨髓间充质干细胞后干细胞领域另一个备受关注的热点。通过以分析脂肪干细胞的多向分化潜力，综述了这一领域最新的研究进展，并就其应用前景及目前研究中一些争议问题进行了探讨

关键词:脂肪源性干细胞， 多向分化

Abstract:

Adipose tissue contains a population of multipotent cells called adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). With the similar properties of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, ADSCs have the ability to differentiate differentiate towards adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, endothelial, hematopoietic, hepatic, islet, and neurogenic cell lineages. As adipose tissue in harvested in large amounts with minimal morbidity, it can be widely used in tissue engineering, organ repair and gene therapy. This paper focused on the plasticity of ADSCs and reviewed the new advances of this field. Finally, the problems and prospect for application was also discussed.

Key words:adipose-derived stem cells, multipotential differentiation