水凝胶负载干细胞外泌体在组织再生领域的应用研究进展

Application of hydrogel-loaded stem cell exosomes in the field of tissue regeneration

摘要:

近年来，间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs)衍生的外泌体在组织再生领域引发许多关注。MSCs衍生外泌体作为细胞间通讯的信号分子，具有天然靶向性强、免疫原性低等特点，其通过MSCs旁分泌途径被细胞吸收，参与调控发挥促进细胞或组织再生功能。水凝胶作为再生医学领域的支架材料，具有良好的生物相容性、降解性等特点。将二者制成复合物联合使用后不仅可以提高外泌体在病变位置的滞留时间，且可通过原位注射等方法提高外泌体到达病变位置的剂量，在病变区域治疗效果显著且持续性改善。文中总结了现阶段外泌体与水凝胶复合物材料共同作用促进组织修复、再生的研究结果，以期为未来组织再生领域中的相关研究工作提供借鉴。

关键词:水凝胶;外泌体;组织再生;干细胞

Abstract:

In recent years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived exosomes have attracted much attention in the field of tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are signaling molecules for communication among cells. They are characterized by natural targeting and low immunogenicity, and are mostly absorbed by cells through the paracrine pathway of mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, they participate in the regulation and promotion of cell or tissue regeneration. As a scaffold material in regenerative medicine, hydrogel has good biocompatibility and degradability. Combining the two compounds can not only improve the retention time of exosomes at the lesion site, but also improve the dose of exosomes reaching the lesion site by in situ injection, and the therapeutic effect in the lesion area is significant and continuous. This paper summarizes the research results of the interaction of exocrine and hydrogel composite materials to promote tissue repair and regeneration, in order to facilitate research in the field of tissue regeneration in the future.

Key words:hydrogel;exosomes;tissue regeneration;stem cells